Thermoelectric material production on the factory floor

Thermoelectric Modules

TEC Custom Modules

Our company can provide standard modules and micro modules in more than one hundred different specifications, and can produce modules with specific specifications and applications as per the client's requirements.

100+ specifications producedAluminium tooling 1 - 2 weeksCustom element sizes welcome3.0 million devices per year

Product Overview

When The Catalogue Is Close But Not Right

Most custom work starts from a catalogue module. A footprint that is 3 mm too wide, a height that will not clear a housing, a supply voltage that does not match, or leads that exit on the wrong side are all changes we make routinely.

We build custom modules from the same pellet library, the same plating and soldering processes and the same test regime as the catalogue, which is why a custom part carries the same expectations for life and reliability as a standard one.

Aluminium substrate tooling takes one to two weeks against four weeks for ceramic, so if the change is a new footprint, an aluminium build is often the faster route to a working prototype. Custom sizes of elements are welcome, and a minimum order weight applies at the material level.

Metallised conductor pattern on a thermoelectric module substrate

Key Benefits

What We Change

Geometry

Footprint, height, stepped or annular outlines, and shapes that match your thermal interface exactly.

Electrical Rating

Couple count set so Vmax and Imax land on the supply you already have, instead of adding a converter.

Interface And Lead-Out

Lead length and gauge, exit side, connectors, sealing options and surface preparation.

Who It Is For

Who Asks For A Custom Module

  • OEMs whose mechanical design is fixed and cannot be moved around a catalogue footprint
  • Teams replacing a discontinued module from another supplier and needing a drop-in equivalent
  • Designers who want to run from an existing rail rather than add a converter
  • Programmes where the module must match the cold plate exactly to avoid an interface loss
  • Customers moving from ceramic to aluminium substrate on an existing product

Problems It Solves

What Custom Solves

  • No catalogue code fits the available space
  • The nearest catalogue code needs a supply you do not have
  • The previous supplier discontinued the part and the product still ships
  • Leads exit into a wall or a connector on the wrong side of the assembly
  • The cold plate is an unusual shape and a square module wastes contact area

Technical Features

How A Custom Build Runs

Start From A Reference

We pick the closest catalogue code as the electrical starting point.

Drawing Review

Footprint, height, tolerances and clamping reviewed against the 1 MPa load limit.

Material And Class

Bi2Te3 for cooling duty, PbTe for higher temperature generation, solder class fixed by hot side temperature.

Tooling

Aluminium substrate tooling in one to two weeks, ceramic in about four weeks.

Sampling

Prototypes tested on the same equipment used for 100 % production test.

Production

Annual capacity has reached 3.0 million devices, so a qualified custom part scales.

Specifications

The Specification Sheet We Work From

Send as much of this as you have. Anything you leave blank we will come back and ask about.

Thermal

  • Heat load Qc in watts at the working point
  • Required cold side temperature Tc
  • Hot side temperature Th you can hold, and how heat is rejected
  • Ambient range and duty cycle

Mechanical

  • Cold face and hot face dimensions, and whether they may differ
  • Maximum assembled height
  • Clamping method and available force
  • Substrate preference: alumina ceramic or aluminium

Electrical

  • Supply voltage and maximum current
  • Driver type: linear, PWM or on and off control
  • Whether the module must also heat by reversing polarity
  • Lead length, gauge, exit side and termination

Commercial

  • Prototype quantity and target date
  • Annual quantity once qualified
  • Any certification or documentation you need with the parts
  • Packaging, marking and labelling requirements

Catalogue Notes

Data referenceAll catalogue values are measured at a hot side temperature Th = 30 °C
Flatness±0.05 mm
Height tolerance±0.2 mm
Maximum compressive load1 MPa
Lead wire150 mm as default, other lengths and terminations on request
SealingSilicone gel seal. Specify if you do not want the module sealed

Symbol Definitions

ImaxMaximum input current in amperes at Qc = 0 and ΔTmax
VmaxMaximum DC input voltage in volts at Qc = 0 and Imax
ΔTmaxMaximum temperature differential in °C at Qc = 0 and Imax
QcMaxMaximum heat pumping capacity in watts at Imax and ΔT = 0
ThTemperature of the hot side during operation
TcTemperature of the cold side during operation
Outline drawing of a thermoelectric module showing W1, L1, W2, L2 and H dimensions
Dimension letters used in the tables above. W₁ and L₁ are the cold side, W₂ and L₂ the hot side, H the assembled height.

Materials And Construction

What Stays The Same On A Custom Part

Thermoelectric materialBi2Te3 based or PbTe based, purity 99.99 %, grown in house
PlatingNickel and stannum electroplating
Solder class139, 183, 235, 320 or 500 °C, selected for your hot side
SealingVacuum anti-humidity process and silicone gel seal
Test100 % electrical test and inspection, the same as catalogue parts
ComplianceRoHS compliant, produced under our ISO 9001 certified system

Manufacturing Process

From Ingot To Finished Module

  • Bi2Te3 or PbTe crystal growth in our own furnaces
  • Wire electrical discharge machining of wafers and pellets for dimensional precision
  • Pellet grading, nickel and stannum electroplating
  • Patented soldering matched to the working temperature class
  • Substrate metallisation and pellet placement
  • Vacuum anti-humidity process and silicone gel sealing
  • Electrical test of every module, then marking and packing

Quality Control

Every Module Is Tested Before It Leaves The Line

Quality control runs from raw material procurement through crystal growth, pellet selection and module assembly to the dispatch of the finished product. All products are 100 % tested and inspected using test equipment sourced from an American thermoelectric company.

Raw material intakeBi2Te3 and PbTe feedstock checked for purity before crystal growth
Crystal growthIngots grown in house, then sliced into wafers and pellets
Pellet selectionPellets graded on Seebeck coefficient and resistivity
Module assemblyNi and Sn electroplating, patented soldering, alumina or aluminium substrate
Electrical test100 % of modules tested on American thermoelectric test equipment
DispatchSealing, marking, packing and final visual inspection before shipment

ISO 9001

Quality management system certified

SGS

European Union certification held by the manufacturing company

RoHS

All thermoelectric modules are RoHS compliant

100 % tested

Every module is tested and inspected before dispatch

Customization Options

Development Steps

A typical custom module moves through four stages. We will tell you at the review stage if what you have asked for is not physically sensible.

1. Requirement Review

We read your drawing and duty point and propose a build, or explain why a catalogue part is better.

2. Tooling And Sample

Aluminium tooling in one to two weeks, ceramic in about four, then sample modules for your rig.

3. Qualification And Supply

You qualify the sample in the product, then we release the part into production.

Comparison With Other Products

Custom Against Catalogue

Catalogue moduleCustom module
Lead time to first partsFrom stock or short production runTooling 1 to 2 weeks aluminium, about 4 weeks ceramic
Fit to your assemblyYour design adapts to the moduleThe module matches your interface
Electrical matchChoose the nearest Vmax and ImaxCouple count set to your rail
DocumentationPublished datasheet where availableSpecification issued for the part
Minimum quantityLowSet at quotation, material level work carries a minimum order weight
Quality regime100 % tested100 % tested, identical process

Use Guide

Getting A Good Custom Result

  1. Send the mechanical envelope and the duty point together. Either one alone is not enough to design a module.
  2. Say what is fixed and what is negotiable. A 2 mm change in a housing sometimes removes the need for a custom part entirely.
  3. Tell us the supply you must use. It is usually the constraint that decides the couple count.
  4. Describe the environment honestly, particularly humidity and condensation, because it decides the sealing option.
  5. Give a realistic annual quantity so tooling and process choices match the volume.
  6. Plan for a sample round. Almost every custom part improves after the first rig test.
How a thermoelectric module moves heat Direct current passes through alternating P-type and N-type bismuth telluride pellets between two ceramic plates. Heat is absorbed at the cold plate and released at the hot plate. Cold side — heat absorbed (Tc) Hot side — heat rejected to sink (Th) PNPNPNPN DC current
Direct current drives heat from the cold plate to the hot plate. Reverse the polarity and the module heats instead of cools.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions About Custom Modules

How many custom specifications have you built?

Our company can provide standard modules and micro modules in more than one hundred different specifications, and produces modules to specific customer requirements as a normal part of the business.

How long does tooling take?

Aluminium substrate tooling takes one to two weeks. Ceramic modules take about four weeks. That difference is often the reason an aluminium build wins on a tight project schedule.

Is there a minimum order?

Minimums are set at quotation and depend on how deep the change goes. Custom sizes of thermoelectric elements are welcome, and a minimum order weight applies at the material level.

Will a custom part be as reliable as a catalogue part?

It is built on the same pellets, the same plating and soldering processes and the same 100 % test regime. The anti-copper diffusion technology that extends life to 300,000 hours applies to custom parts too.

Can you copy a competitor part we already use?

Send the dimensions and the electrical rating and we will tell you honestly whether we can match it, improve it, or whether a different catalogue code is the better answer.

Send Your Drawing

Attach a drawing or a photograph with dimensions on WhatsApp, or e-mail the specification. An engineer will reply, not a form auto-responder.

No forms. Messages reach our engineering desk directly. Reply within 24 hours, Monday to Friday, 9:00 to 17:00 Beijing time.